By Scout Nelson
In Nebraska, poisonous plants are less common than in western states, but they still pose a threat to livestock. There are 17 toxic plant species that can harm or kill animals if eaten. Symptoms include breathing issues, drooling, nervousness, or unsteady movement. These plants are usually avoided by animals unless food is scarce during droughts.
Some plants like prairie larkspur attract animals during their flowering stage in June and July. Other toxic plants found in Nebraska include Riddell groundsel, Lambert crazyweed, wooly locoweed, and chokecherry. Poison hemlock and spotted water hemlock grow across the state, especially in wet areas like creeks and ditches.
If a poisonous plant is suspected, it is important to identify it correctly. If the plant cannot be removed, move livestock to a different pasture. Nebraska Extension offers a helpful guide, Nebraska Plants Toxic to Livestock (EC3037), available online or at local offices.
Alfalfa fields also face insect problems. Alfalfa weevils are the most damaging pests. Their larvae feed on leaves, creating holes and reducing plant health. The larvae are small, green, and curl up when touched. Scouting during the first cutting helps reduce damage.
Aphids also affect alfalfa and cause stunted, discolored plants. Four species are common in Nebraska, and sometimes reach harmful levels. Insecticides like pyrethroids or indoxacarb can be used, but care should be taken to protect helpful insects like lady beetles.
With summer drought expected, flexible grazing plans are important. Reduce the number of cattle if grass is slow-growing. Use drylots or plant extra forage. Set dates to check moisture and growth, especially since rain affects warm and cool-season grasses differently.
Avoid grazing during plant recovery stages. Rotate pastures to protect important grasses. When grass goes dormant, grazing can be slightly increased, but always leave some cover to protect soil moisture.
“Planning for drought isn’t fun, but taking steps now can save pasture health and avoid emergency decisions later.”
Photo Credit:gettyimages-zoomtravels
Categories: Nebraska, Crops, Alfalfa, Weather