By Scout Nelson
University of Minnesota Extension is encouraging fruit and vegetable growers to prepare for the potential impacts of a strong El Niño event. Extension specialists Natalie Hoidal, Madeline Wimmer, Katie Black and Ryan Harp say warmer winter conditions could influence crop production and weather patterns well into the next growing season.
El Niño events typically strengthen through the fall and peak in winter, often bringing warmer temperatures to Minnesota. While winter precipitation may still occur, more of it could fall as rain rather than snow, resulting in reduced or inconsistent snow cover for crops and soils.
Growers are encouraged to focus on soil protection and water management. Cover crops and mulch can help reduce erosion caused by weather fluctuations, while straw mulch can provide additional protection for crops such as June-bearing strawberries.
Mild winter conditions may also increase pest pressure by allowing more insects to survive or emerge earlier in the season. Extension specialists recommend strengthening integrated pest management plans and closely monitoring pest activity during the growing season.
Planting flexibility will be important next spring. Although warm temperatures may encourage early planting, growers should remain cautious because the risk of late-season frost can still threaten sensitive crops.
Fruit producers should closely monitor bud development in orchards and vineyards. Warm periods during winter can trigger early bud break, increasing the risk of frost damage if cold weather returns.
Limited snow cover may also increase the risk of rabbit and vole damage to fruit trees. Using protective tree guards can help prevent feeding damage to trunks and lower branches.
Grape growers are advised to watch for winter injury caused by sudden temperature changes. Warm weather followed by cold snaps can reduce plant cold hardiness and increase the potential for freeze damage.
Producers should continue irrigating fruit crops before dormancy if drought conditions persist. Adequate soil moisture can help trees, shrubs and strawberry plants enter winter in better condition and support productivity the following year.
Overall, Extension specialists recommend combining soil conservation, pest management, flexible planting schedules and proper irrigation practices to help fruit and vegetable farms remain resilient during a strong El Niño event.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-mvburling
Categories: Minnesota, Crops, Fruits and Vegetables