Poor Forage Growth Raises Concerns among Farmers this Spring

By Andi Anderson

Poor early growth of forage crops has become a major concern for farmers this season due to unusual weather patterns. A warm early spring, followed by a cool and wet late spring, has negatively affected plant development. Environmental conditions play a key role in determining forage growth, and this year’s pattern has slowed crop progress.

There are two main types of forage plants used in pastures: cool-season and warm-season forages. Cool-season crops, such as wheat, rye, oats, clovers, and alfalfa, grow best in temperatures between 64°F and 75°F. Their growth slows above 80°F and stops at higher temperatures. Warm-season crops, like sorghum, bermudagrass, and millet, require higher temperatures between 90°F and 95°F to grow efficiently.

In early spring, warm temperatures helped cool-season forages start growing quickly. However, the weather changed in May, bringing cooler temperatures and frequent rainfall. Reduced heat slowed plant development and limited internode growth, which directly affected plant height and reduced forage yield. This means farmers may face lower production during the first harvest.

The maturity of forage also depends on the variety selected. Some later-maturing varieties can better handle unpredictable weather conditions. Choosing the right type can help farmers plan for better results during uncertain seasons.

Farmers are advised to inspect their fields regularly to understand real crop conditions. Shorter plant height may not mean poor maturation, but quality may decline once seed heads form. Managing grazing is important. Farmers should avoid overgrazing by removing livestock early and allowing plants to recover.

Wet conditions may also increase the risk of diseases in forage crops. These diseases can reduce plant health, yield, and nutritional value. Using proper treatments, such as fungicides, may help control disease spread.

Applying nitrogen fertilizer can support growth, especially when plants need nutrients. However, farmers must apply fertilizers carefully and consider weather conditions, as dry conditions can limit effectiveness.

Overall, careful monitoring, balanced nutrient use, and proper grazing management are essential this season. Farmers must adapt to changing weather conditions to protect forage quality and ensure sustainable production.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-0shut0