By Blake Jackson
Grape growers are cautiously optimistic about this year's harvest, expecting a larger yield compared to last year's frost-depleted crop. However, the fight against various diseases remains a constant battle.
While the early stages show promise, different threats emerge throughout the growing season. Sour rot, a fungal disease, poses a significant risk, particularly when the grape skin weakens.
Injuries caused by insects like fruit flies can create entry points for the fungus, leading to spoilage and an unpleasant vinegar smell. Additionally, excessive rain can cause the grapes to split, making them more susceptible.
Vineyard management employs various strategies to combat these issues, but they come at a cost. Spraying fungicides and insecticides can cost up to $80,000 per year for a 50-acre vineyard, including materials, labor, and equipment.
Research by Cornell University highlights the role of insects in sour rot severity. The combined effect of physical damage and fruit fly activity significantly worsens the problem. Two primary approaches have been identified: managing insect populations with insecticides and minimizing damage by birds and wasps.
However, the effectiveness of insecticides is challenged by growing insect resistance. This presents a significant hurdle for growers seeking to protect their crops.
Some vineyard owners explore alternative methods. One approach focuses on promoting thicker grape skin development using biological stimulants. This natural defense mechanism may make grapes more resistant to sour rot. Additionally, calcium sprays are used to further strengthen the skin.
While these methods show promise, there's a call for more research on sour rot and other diseases potentially exacerbated by climate change. Warmer nights and increased humidity create favorable conditions for sour rot development.
The industry's traditional focus on antimicrobials and insecticides may need to adapt. As sour rot becomes a more prominent threat, exploring alternative and preventative strategies will be crucial for ensuring healthy and sustainable grape harvests.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-willhowecreative
Categories: New York, Business